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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different varieties can produce different flavors. Learn more about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter taste profile and are often used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta and come in various flavour profiles. The aroma and taste of a particular coffee can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and the processing methods used to make it.

The word "coffee" actually originates from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are fruit seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats became energy-rich after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee soon spread across the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and flourish with cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is considered to be the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops focus on finding their arabica beans in a sustainable manner by focusing on fair compensation for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees that are suitable for a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending can control the aroma, taste and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is often utilized to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted type of coffee bean around the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process of coffee and create undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more robust than arabica and is able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more expensive coffee beans per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory, Robusta beans are often mixed with arabica to create coffee bean near me blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's likely that there is also some robusta.

The majority of roasters make use of a mix of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and ensure the quality. To maintain the quality of the flavor, it's essential to select a top 10 coffee beans-quality bean from a supplier you are confident in. The best method to do this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape similar to a football, that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is fruity and floral with subtle smoky undertones. They are added to other types of coffee beans to give them a richer and more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and withstand humid, hot climates. They also have a much better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal to grow at home. On the internet, you can purchase seeds from numerous sources. However, it is best to buy the beans from local producers to ensure quality. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils that have moderately acidic and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of Unroasted Coffee Beans Wholesale bean. It was initially classified as a distinct species, but has since been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that grow on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are situated at medium altitudes. Their unique taste is both sweet and tart, making them a popular choice for house blends. They have a milder scent and a lower caffeine content that is lower than Arabica or Robusta but still have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta yet they're the fourth most popular. They were actually considered an entirely different species of coffee until 2006, when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Today, they're grown mainly in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans have the shape of teardrops and are dark and mysterious in taste. They are often blended to add extra body and a rich tart, ripe fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most popular, and are renowned for having a the most delicious taste. They thrive best at high altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They also have a bit of acidity. When roasted and brewed properly they may be flavored with notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and is responsible for about 40 percent of the world's coffee. These beans are rounder and smaller, but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also taste bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy, woody flavor.

After learning about the four most popular types you can now choose your favorite brew. If you're looking for a silky mild flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.